Railway-tie.



F. H. MILLER.

RAILWAY TIE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 6,1909.

Patened Apr. 19, 1910.

CIT

--steel reinforcement to -use of spikes is peculiar, clear by'referenee to Figs. 2 and 3.

PATENT. orri'on FRNK H. MILLER, 0F STANWOOD, IOWA.

RAILWAY-TIE.

955,5il Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 19, 1,910..

Application filed May 6, 1909. Serial No. 494,5"

To all whom it may con/cern.'

Be it known that I, FRANK H. MILLER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Stanwoorhin the county of Cedar and State of Iowa, have invented certain new and useful Im provc'uients in lRailway-fies of which the following is a4 specification.

The object of this invention is to produce a strong and durable railway tie of steel and cement or concrete, and so constructed as to permit the attachment to itof the rails in a simple, but strong and permanent Inan- \ner, which will `also allo f for the detachnient of the rails as easily as though the ties were made of wood.

In the accompanying drawing, forming a part of this specification, Figure l is a side elevation, partly in section, illustrating` my improved tie'. Fig. 2 is an enlarged section in two planes, a and b of Fig. 3, showing the 'ail connecting devices, and related parts. Fig. 3 is a conventional sect-ion, showingin a general way the application of the tie.

In the drawing, A A denote two tee-rails of the usual type. These rest in the usual way on a tie, the construct-ion of which is as follows x Il is the body ofthe tie, and is molded of concrete .or cementitious material in a familiar way. To give it the requisite resistance to detlecting strains it is reinforced with Asteel rods C, which in practice are preferably curved down as shown, where they pass under the rails, and bent abruptly down at each end. They thus not only serve 'l to bind the whole tie together endwise, normally, but the curvature is such as to truss the tie directly under each rail, since it will be evident that any superimposed weight on the down-curved rods will only intensify. this binding action of the rods en'dwise.

The rails are held in position by means of the usual spikes D, instead of bolts and nuts,

clamps, or other means commonly employed in connection with ties of this class. 'lhe however, will be In the body. of the tie, near each end, is molded a pair of housings, one for each side of the rail. These housings E are preferL ably rectangular in lcross section, and of a suitable width to take'an ordinary spike. y

On the rail sides the housings are provided with an enlargement F, preferably curved, to take a serrated plate G, which is held from slipp in g out of position while the 'spike is being inserted, by aluglltitting in a notch I in the back of the serrated plate.

In practice it is desirable that the teeth of this plate be hard, so as to grip the face of the opposed spike when forced against it, and hold it securely in position. It is also desirable that the hardened plate may be removable, so that in case of its being broken 'or mutilated it' may be replaced by another. If it were 'not for these considerations the inner wall of the housing itself mightbe serrated, as will be evident. The outer wall ofthe housing is inclined to which is practically vertical and roomis-aL lowed between the outer Wall and the holding spike, when in position, for a Wedge J having a gib hea'd J1, by means of-whieh it may be withdrawn by the use of an ordinary spike'claw. Then driven home this wedge holds the spike im'movably against the serrated platc. On the release of the wedge the spike may of course, be easily removed.

. In Fig. 2 are shown lateral prolongations of the housing, iirinlyanchor the housing to the vbody of the tie, and prevent any possible loosening of it by reason of the vibration or crowding action of the rolling stock.

It is to be noted that the outwardly curved pocket for the serrated plate lies directly under the rail flange, and any lift of the rail on eitherside will act on this underlying part of the Vhousing and the intervening niass of cement. It is thus made practically impossible to strip the rail from the tie by any less power than wouldbe required to coi'npletelyfwieek the tie.

To prevent the pair of opposite housings from being forced away from each other in any way, they are tied together by zig-zag' vbands of steel L, molded into the body of the tie, ,-as shown. These should not be continuous from one end to the other, -since when used on electric roads this would carry the current from one rail to another. The inner ends at the middle of the tie, are accordingly bent so as to interlock, but not touch each other. They of course serve as a powerful reinforcement of the tie, as well as a binder for the housings. l

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1.- A railway tie of cementitious material, having spike housings at opposite sides of the rail, with iiat serrated walls to engage the inner one,

the plane inner faces of the spikes, and opposite walls adapted to hold a wedge between them and the rail-holding spikes. f n

'2. A railway tie of cementitiousinaterial, having spike housings formed therein at opposite sides of the rail, cavities formed in said housings to take an insertible plate, a hardened, serrated plate in said cavity, and an inclined wall opposite thereto, substantially as described. l

3.-Combined with a railway tie of cementitious material, a rail-fastenin device, comprisino a housing at each side'o the rail, serrated a ong its flat inner wall, a planefaced rail-holding Spike, and a wedge inserted between it and the opposite wall of the housing.

4. Combined with a railway tie of cementitious material, a rail fastening device,

comprising a housing each side of the rail, with an inwardly projecting ocket to take a serrated plate, a spike-hol ing, serrated plate inserted in said pocket, a rail-holding spike, and a wedge between said spike and the opposite wall of the housing.

5. In a railway rail, the combination of a cementitious body with s ike housings formed therein at opposite si es of the rail, and interlocking, but discontinuous tie-bands of steel embracing said housin s, substantially as and for the purpose set Iorth.

In testimony whereof YI affix my signature in presenceof two witnesses.

FRANK H. MILLER. 

